Posts Tagged writing tips

STEM Tuesday– Light Pollution– Writing Tips and Resources

In November of 2007, we had a terrible ice storm in my small town. Trees and power lines were decimated. We even lost our basketball goal in the driveway when a large oak limb dropped on top of it. We were without power for a week after our house was mistakenly skipped over by the out-of-town power crews on their first pass through our neighborhood, making the wait longer. My family did not appreciate the beanie weenie meal I cooked on the gas grill and ended up spending more time at a friend’s house because they had electricity while I held down the fort through the long, dark, and cold nights.

Although this was not a pleasant experience in any way, shape, or form, there was one sliver of a silver lining from the ice storm. It knocked out the streetlight at the intersection in front of our house and several up and down the street. It was dark. It was fantastic for stargazing. The night sky popped. Planets, stars, constellations, and the Milky Way jumped out in a way I had not experienced anywhere inside the city limits. I felt like a kid again from the back patio staring at the heavens hanging so bright and close that one could almost reach out and touch it. Glorious!

With the extent of the damage to higher priority areas in the city and county, it was a solid six months before the streetlights were repaired, so it was one “dark” period in my life I miss to this very day. After the streetlight came back online, the stargazing party was over, and it was back to stargazing through its light pollution. 🙁 

ThatOneEli, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

What does my 20-year-old ice storm experience have to do with a STEM Tuesday Writing Tips & Resources post on light pollution?

Well, maybe nothing at all and just a rambling of an old man. But, in writing, we can create so much light of a pollution-like story flow through a frenetic pace or constant action that it masks the reader’s experience. Keeping the reader in a steady Full Speed Ahead Mode makes it difficult for them to see the stars, planets, and galaxies of the story. In other words, they miss the full beauty of the reading experience because they are never offered the opportunity to step away from the bright light, allow what just happened to sink in, and prepare the brain space for what comes next.

The inverse is also possible. We can write a piece in Low Speed Mode with little addition of action or light, and the reader’s experience is masked in that constant lowkey vibe. The key is to mix and blend the levels of brightness to shine a light where needed and also reduce the light levels to allow the time and reflection necessary to keep the reader engaged.

We need to strive for those moments of awe after the streetlight goes dark and the night sky bursts in all its glory. The reader needs those times in the story when they lie on the cool grass, staring at the Big Dipper or Orion’s Belt, and feeling as if the Milky Way galaxy is just an arm’s length away. 

In my recent regular MUF post, The Book Called to Me Again, I wrote about the genius that is Gary D. Schmidt. Look, a lot happens in Gary D. Schmidt stories. Good things. Bad things. Things that make you laugh. Things that make you cry. His skill as a writer shows when he amplifies these inherently bright story light things by placing them in juxtaposition to periods of dim story light. With the bright levels temporarily dimmed, the reader can not only appreciate the good, the bad, the funny, or the emotional story point that just happened, but have the emotional and mental space to process it. 

Combatting the light pollution in my writing is something I’m constantly working on. I write from the part of my brain that is still controlled by the middle school Mike. This is a blessing and a curse. Middle-school-brained Mike offers a unique perspective for creating stories. My struggle, however, is fighting the young Mike in my head who wants to see more car chases, more explosions, and more jumping from the roof of one building to another. You know, the middle school boy stuff. 

Learn to control the light pollution in your creative work. Shine the light brightly when it needs to be shone and learn to dim, or shut it off when it’s not needed. Ebb and flow to give the reader the headspace they need to stay engaged without needing a pair of very dark sunglasses.

Happy summer writing! May you shine your creative light without creating light pollution.

Mike Hays has worked hard from a young age to be a well-rounded individual. A well-rounded, equal-opportunity sports enthusiast, that is. If they keep a score, he’ll either watch it, play it, or coach it. A molecular microbiologist by day, middle-grade author, sports coach, and general good citizen by night, he blogs about sports/life/training-related topics at www.coachhays.com and writer stuff at www.mikehaysbooks.comTwo of his science essays, The Science of Jurassic Park and Zombie Microbiology 101,  are included in the Putting the Science in Fiction collection from Writer’s Digest Books. He can be found roaming Bluesky under the guise of @mikehays64.bsky.social and @MikeHays64 on Instagram.


The O.O.L.F Files

This month on the Out Of Left Field (O.O.L.F.) Files, we

DarkSky

Our DarkSky Approved program works with communities, manufacturers, retailers, designers, and others to evaluate and certify dark sky friendly outdoor lighting equipment, as well as dark sky friendly outdoor lighting projects.

What is Light Pollution? via DarkSky

Light Pollution Map from the University of Colorado at Boulder

ArcGIS Online Global Artificial Sky 3D Interactive Map

https://www.arcgis.com/home/webscene/viewer.htm

John C. Wells Planetarium at James Madison University

Light Pollution: The Overuse & Misuse of Artificial Light at Night via the John C. Wells Planetarium

Astrophysicist Kelsey Johnson’s TED Talk

The problem of light pollution — and 5 ridiculously easy ways to fix it

And finally, a wink to my mother and father, who always yelled at their teenage sons for leaving “every light in the universe on when we weren’t using it” and listening to our loud, noise-polluting rock music at wall-shaking volumes.

Thank you, Mom and Dad, for introducing us to the world of environmental activism at home.

Rock and Roll Ain’t Noise Pollution” by Australian rock band AC/DC from their classic 1980 album Back in Black. Note: This album may or may not have knocked a picture frame or two from the walls upstairs in our childhood home. For the record, I plead the Fifth.


STEM Tuesday– Light Pollution– In the Classroom

 

It’s been a big firefly summer in Minnesota this year, and we’ve been watching their lights flicker each night in our back garden. Summer is always a time to linger outside in the warm and long nights, look up, and see what you can see. Close to the city, the stars are hard to see though. So, we go up north to see the stars, and they are dazzling.

Here are some activities to try with your kids now or when school is back in session to illustrate how light pollution not only blocks stars, but can upset the natural balance of our days and nights. I’ve curated this list of activities that could easily go with the books from this mont’s Stem Tuesday list. Read a book, try an activity, and enjoy the summer nights!

 

How Light Pollution Affects Animals

Book cover - glowing frog on a black background.Dark Matters: Nature’s Reaction to Light Pollution by Joan Marie Galat

A blend of science and memoir that focuses on the environmental consequences of increasingly artificially lit night skies. She describes its impact on sea turtles, fireflies, birds, and bats and provides basic steps to address light pollutio

 

 

 

 

Book cover - newly hatched sea turtles heading for the ocean.Follow the Moon Home : a Tale of One Idea, Twenty Kids, and a Hundred Sea Turtles by Philippe Cousteau and Deborah Hopkinson

Informational fiction inspired by the student-initiated Lights Out for Loggerheads program in South Carolina. The story presents a model for community engagement, and back matter outlines actions appropriate for preteen environmentalists.

 

 

 

Activities


Citizen Science to Reduce Light Pollution

Book cover - bird and moth perched on three ornate lights lit at night.Who Hid the Stars? How Light Pollution Changes Our World by Danio Miserocchi & Maciej Michno; illus. by Valentina Gottardi, and translated by Sylvia Notini

This well-documented book examines how city lights affect birds and bats, reptiles and insects – even trees and flowers. It also provides hope, sharing things cities and people can do to minimize light pollution. Back matter includes ideas for bringing back the stars (dark skies) and resources.

Book cover - person sitting on a slope watching te setting sun.Saving the Night : How Light Pollution is Harming Life on Earth by Stephen Aitken

Full of fascinating photos and facts, this book examines many interactions creatures and plants have developed with light, the differing effects of various sources of light pollution on land and in our waterways, conservationists working to preserve the night, and successful projects. It includes suggestions for reducing our individual light pollution.

 

 

Activities

  • Globe at Night: a citizen science campaign to raise awareness about the effects of light pollution inviting people to measure the brightness of their night sky and submit their observations
  • ASTROPHOTOS – Measuring Light Pollution: Make your smartphone measure the light in the night sky with this app and activity.
  • Audubon Lights Out Program: Survey where you live or your school and look for ways to help reduce light pollution with the useful list of actions on this site.

STEM Tuesday– Bridges and Skyscrapers– Author Interview

Today, we are thrilled to travel to the Czech Republic to interview Magda Garguláková, author of Bridges (April 2025, Post Wave). Explore the amazing world of bridges—from ancient stone arches to modern marvels—and discover how they connect us all! This illustrated 64-page hardcover book delves into the history, engineering, and construction of bridges. Intricate illustrations by Jakub Bachorík invite readers to follow roads and rivers and stumble upon tiny details: a cyclist, a stroller, a leashed dog, and more. 

About the book:

Imagine a world without bridges, where every journey takes longer, rivers become obstacles, and valleys are nearly impossible to cross. Bridges don’t just make travel easier—they connect us to extraordinary places, too.

Take a journey through the fascinating world of bridges, exploring their awe-inspiring structures and the visionary architects who brought them to life. Uncover the secrets of bridge-building and marvel at some of the most famous designs from around the globe. Along the way, enjoy captivating comic strips, fun facts, and hands-on engineering activities.

Bridges

Linda: Tell us about your book, Bridges.

Magda: Bridges is a large-format, illustrated non-fiction book that invites readers into the world of bridges. It is richly illustrated with Jakub Bachorík’s distinctive, playful, and original—yet highly precise—artwork.

I like topics that can be explored from many different angles, and bridges are perfect in this respect. In the book, I don’t look at them strictly as architectural structures, engineering constructions, or from the perspective of how they are built. I also ask why people started building bridges in the first place, how they influenced history and technological progress, how they have evolved, how they have changed our everyday lives, why they are such powerful symbols, and what surprising kinds of “bridges” we can find outside architecture.

The book is intended primarily for children aged nine to eleven. It is fact-based but playful, and the amount of text is just right. I tried to draw readers into the topic and spark curiosity about bridges. Although it is designed for children, it also works very well as an all-age book. I’m really happy with readers’ responses, as it turns out that it resonates across generations and appeals to adults as well.

Linda: That’s wonderful. What inspired you to write about this topic?

Magda: It’s actually quite simple. I’ve been fascinated by bridges since childhood. I don’t even really know why, but they’ve always drawn me in and sparked my curiosity. I’m also an amateur admirer of architecture, especially modern architecture, and I love concrete as a building material as well as riveted steel structures.

What fascinates me about bridges is not only their technical side; I’m equally drawn to how multilayered a symbol they are—how they can bring hope and expectation, how important a role they play in our lives, and, at the same time, how ordinary and invisible they often feel in everyday life. I enjoy the overlaps they offer—into history, art, culture, and everyday experience.

And then there’s one more thing: I’m afraid of heights. So bridges are also a bit of a challenge for me. I actually prefer looking at them rather than from them—and quite often, that turns out to be a more interesting view anyway. 😊

All of this together makes them a perfect subject for a book. It also invites rich illustration, which can communicate with readers in its own way, which is why I like to give illustrations a very important role in my books.

Linda: The textured maze-like illustrations complement the text. How did you organize the material in this book, and why did you choose to present it this way?

Magda: Let me start a bit broadly. When I begin working on a book, the first thing I look for is its overall arc: where I start and where I want to arrive. The flow of the book—how individual pieces of information and thematic sections are arranged—is essential to me. I constantly think about what follows what, why it should be that way, and to what extent I need to follow the logic of the subject. These are questions I return to again and again. During the process, I create several versions of dummy layouts where I test and rearrange the order and structure of the content. It’s one of the most important parts of my creative process.

At the same time, I enjoy when the reader is occasionally surprised, and the expected flow is interrupted—when the rhythm of the book shifts or something unexpected appears.

Bridges reflects all of this. It follows a logical structure of the topic, but it also allows for occasional detours. I wanted the book to flow like a river—one idea leading to another, layering and complementing each other.

It was also important to me that the book works even when read non-linearly. In other words, you can open it almost anywhere and immediately find something that grabs your attention. In this respect, Jakub Bachorík’s illustrations are essential—I knew from the very beginning that they would not just accompany the text, but become an equal part of the storytelling. Thanks to them, the book gains its unique atmosphere and appeal.

Linda: In the book blurb, there is a statement that “bridges connect us to extraordinary places.” Can you tell us about some of these places?

Magda: When I say that bridges connect us to extraordinary places, I don’t mean only specific destinations on a map or in our surroundings, but also different kinds of experiences and meanings. Some bridges lead into dramatic natural landscapes, places that would otherwise be very difficult to reach. Other bridges become destinations in themselves—iconic landmarks and architectural highlights that people travel to see.

At the same time, we also use the word “bridge” in much broader contexts. Metaphorically, a bridge can take us anywhere we can imagine. We perceive it very positively as a symbol of change or transition, and it can even signify passage into another world. It is a very powerful symbol on many levels.

And then, there is also a more playful aspect where we encounter “bridges” in unexpected places—such as in dentistry or in a yoga class.

Linda: By looking at the word “bridge,” and its many meanings and its symbolism, you added depth to this work. What would you like readers to get out of this book?

Magda: I often think about this. If I keep it to the most basic wish, it is simply that I want my book to inspire enthusiasm for bridges, encouraging us to notice, explore, and appreciate them.

If a reader, thanks to my book, decides to stop on a bridge and enjoy the view, remembers the complexity involved in bridge construction, or, with joy and an awareness of their importance, appreciates a bridge expansion joint, that would already be enough.

The book is quite intense, so it is good to take breaks while reading it, come back to it, and discover things that may have escaped you the first time. I would therefore be very happy if the book worked this way and readers enjoyed returning to it—either on their own or when reading it together.

I have also personally found that it is a great travel companion; it presents a large number of bridges from all over the world, many of which you will simply want to see in real life (or at least some of them). 

Linda: This book includes fun engineering activities. I’m intrigued. How can parents, teachers, and librarians use this material?

Magda: The book includes a challenge to build your own bridge out of dried spaghetti. It’s a playful activity, but it also works as a small test of engineering thinking and technical skills. The task is to build a bridge—of any size and design you dare to attempt—that can hold a load without collapsing.

This activity can be used at home, in schools, or in libraries as a simple project or even a small competition. It is a lot of fun, but also requires real thinking. I’ve tried building several of these bridges myself—and you can probably guess how that went…

Linda: Lol! Instead of building a bridge, it might be easier to boil the spaghetti and toss it with some pasta sauce. Magda, thank you so much for joining us!


Magda Garguláková studied Art History at the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno, in the Czech Republic. She works as a curator and producer at the Brno-based art gallery OFF/FORMAT. After spending some time in marketing, she eventually found her way back to books, which she has loved since childhood. She collaborates with Albatros Media and its foreign rights editorial team, writing and editing mainly nonfiction illustrated books for children. She is the author of more than ten books, which have been translated into numerous languages around the world. Her The Hand Book was selected among the 100 most beautiful books at the 2022 Bologna Children’s Book Fair and was nominated for several prestigious awards in the Czech Republic and Italy. For older readers, she also wrote the acclaimed Bridges, whose illustrations by Jakub Bachorík received the Golden Ribbon Award and which was honored with the Open Book Award in Taiwan. She lives in Brno, Czech Republic, with her husband and their two daughters. Her books have been translated into English, French, German, Spanish, Korean, Japanese, and several other languages.

Linda Zajac is the author of Robo-Motion: Robots That Move Like Animals and eight Minecraft books for kids. She is an award-winning science writer who gained an appreciation for bridges after a stream crossing that involved straddling an iced log. Find her at www.lindarosezajac.com