Posts Tagged Common Core & NGSS

STEM Tuesday — Coding– Writing Tips and Resources

Conditional Statements

Welcome to the STEM Tuesday Coding Revival & Traveling Medicine Show! Grab a great book from the STEM Tuesday Coding recommendation table, have a seat and let the power of coding revive your STEM soul. Can I get a “Hallelujah!”?

Citation: George R. Brunk II 1950’s Revival Photographs. Theron F. Schlabach Photograph Collection (HM4-378 Box 1 Folder 4 photo). 

Our simple and elegant design looks at coding through fresh eyes and is inspired by the universal power of the coding embedded in our daily lives. 

Coding is two-fold. We mainly associate coding with the writing of computer programs, but coding also means classifying or identifying something by assigning it a code. I like to preach coding as being the logical breakdown of a process or event. Coding is a way of thinking. 

Coding, on one hand, is computer programs and video games and special effects and entertainment. The scope of computer coding reaches far and wide into almost every aspect of modern life. Alexa is Alexa because Alexa’s software codes it to be Alexa. Banks, governments, law enforcement, education, sports, etc. all increasingly rely on the power of code.

Coding also exists outside the electronic world. 

Coding is biological. Coding is chemical. Coding is physical. 

Coding is animal, vegetable, and mineral.

Coding spans from describing how atoms interact to how our entire universe behaves.

Now that’s truly a hallelujah thought!

Conditional statements

If/then, hypothesis/conclusion, cause/effect are conditional statements. Thinking in code requires using conditional statement tools. Thinking within the logic of a conditional statement helps break down a process which leads to an understanding of that process.

If this happens, then that happens. If this doesn’t happen, then that happens. 

A simple tool with so much power. A way to look at the world and attempt to understand it. The knowledge of the human race is built upon conditional statements. The knowledge waiting to be discovered will most certainly be found by observing if this happens, then that happens.

Simplify & design

Once one knows how something works, the process and the design, and the logic can be extrapolated to other things. Build a better building by studying the steps (coding) termites use to build a mound or the organization of chemical bonds in a crystal. One of the coolest things in molecular biology I’ve been reading about is DNA origami. Molecular scientists are using the predictive binding inherent between the nucleotide bases of the DNA genetic code to fold DNA strands into molecular tools for a wide range of processes, from drug delivery systems to micro-robots. 

Better design comes from a better understanding. Better understanding comes from thinking like a coder!

Steps to Code

A. Observe!

     Watch something happen. Pay attention to what is happening and record what is seen.

(There’s an almost indefinable book first released in 1969 called, Supper of the Lamb by Robert Farrar Capon. The book combines culinary science, philosophy, religion, and economy in a stream of consciousness style as the author prepares four meals for eight from one leg of lamb. The entire second chapter is about observing an onion. How it’s packaged, designed, and executed to produce a wonder of nature and of flavor. That’s next-level observation!)

B. Break down the parts.

     Take the observations, place them in order.

C. Study how the parts fit and how they work.

     Come up with ideas (hypothesis) of how to get from part A to part B. 

D. Mimic.

     Try out your idea. If it works, then move forward. If it doesn’t work, then try something different.

E. Repeat. 

     Iterate until you imitate.

Logic muscle  

Coding requires healthy logic muscles. Living life through a coder’s lens takes practice and discipline. The logic muscles need work. Practice daily and code your world! Observe. Observe. Observe. 

Thank you for attending the STEM Tuesday Coding Revival & Traveling Medicine Show! We hope you feel the coding inspiration flowing through your veins. On your way out, don’t forget to grab your complimentary bottle of Dr. Swanson’s Patented Problem-Solving Elixir! It is guaranteed, organic, pure STEM with a touch of STEAM for added flavor.

Go out and code, my friends! 

See the world through new eyes!

By Unidentified U.S. Army photographer – Image from Historic Computer Images, Public Domain.

 

Mike Hays has worked hard from a young age to be a well-rounded individual. A well-rounded, equal opportunity sports enthusiasts, that is. If they keep a score, he’ll either watch it, play it, or coach it. A molecular microbiologist by day, middle-grade author, sports coach, and general good citizen by night, he blogs about sports/training related topics at www.coachhays.com and writer stuff at www.mikehaysbooks.comTwo of his science essays, The Science of Jurassic Park and Zombie Microbiology 101,  are included in the Putting the Science in Fiction collection from Writer’s Digest Books. He can be found roaming around the Twitter-sphere under the guise of @coachhays64.

 


The O.O.L.F Files

The Out Of Left Field (O.O.L.F.) Files this month branches out into the world of coding. As I said in previous O.O.L.F. Files, all roads lead down the rabbit hole of curiosity and inquiry. Have fun sliding down your rabbit hole of curiosity and inquiry! Just remember to come back and do good work.

Bioinformatics: Where code meets biology by Daniel Bourke

Code.org

Code.org® is a nonprofit dedicated to expanding access to computer science in schools and increasing participation by young women and students from other underrepresented groups. Our vision is that every student in every school has the opportunity to learn computer science as part of their core K-12 education. They also sponsor the Hour of Code event.

Best Coding Tools for Middle School from Common Sense Education

Coding in Astronomy

I never really thought much about the relationship between astronomy and coding until a few years ago. But when you think about how the immense amount of data generated by modern telescopes collecting electromagnetic wave spectrum from distant galaxies, that data needs to be organized and analyzed. Astronomy and coding. It’s a no-brainer-relationship.

DNA Origami

 


STEM Tuesday — Coding– In the Classroom


This month we’re focusing on coding. On our booklist, coding includes how to program computers, careers as a coder/programmer, and cryptography or secret codes.

This week is Computer Science Education Week, so it’s a great time to explore ways to incorporate coding ideas into lesson plans, scouting activities, and home learning. (Plus, it’s really fun.)

I tried to read the books like a codes and coding novice. This was a bit of a challenge. Prior to writing children’s books, I spent 15 years programming embedded computers (the microchips that go inside things like phones), often working with elements of cryptography.

Support Independent Bookstores - Visit IndieBound.orgCoding Games in Scratch
by Jon Woodcock (2019)
You don’t approach this like a typical book. Rather, you work your way through it, alternating between reading and coding. It’s very easy to follow, providing a great introduction to MIT’s fabulous free coding system, Scratch. This book doesn’t just cover coding, though. It includes ideas behind game design like themes, difficulty, and playability.

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Video Game Coding
by Janet Slingerland (2019)
The title of this book may be a little misleading. It doesn’t teach readers how to code video games. Its purpose is to introduce readers to careers in video game coding. It looks at how many people work on a game, what kind of code they use, and a what the general process is.

 

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Can You Crack the Code?: A Fascinating History of Ciphers and Cryptography
by Ella Schwartz, illustrated by Lily Williams (2019)
I love this book. It follows the history of secret codes, from Julius Caesar to modern day internet encryption. I found the explanations easy to understand, and there are lots of examples to put your understanding to the test.

 

As always, I have way more ideas on this subject than I have time and space to provide them. I’m going to restrain myself and give you a few things to explore and consider here.

For additional resources and ideas, you can check out the coding page on my website (http://janetsbooks.com/my-books/coding) and my STEM for Kids Pinterest board (https://www.pinterest.com/janetslingerlan/stem-for-kids).

Hour of Code

If you’ve never heard of Hour of Code or haven’t taken a closer look, I encourage you to do so. Code.org and HourOfCode.com have resources for students, educators, and more.

Hour of Code activities are generally designed for beginner coders. They cover a variety of coding languages and platforms.

The activities are searchable by many different variables: grade, time to complete, topics (including social studies and language arts), and available technology.

There are even activities that require no computers or other devices, just filter on “No computers or devices”.

If you want to host an Hour of Code event, you can find help to do so here: https://hourofcode.com/us/how-to.

Explore Scratch

Many of the books on this month’s list use Scratch. There are several reasons for this.

Scratch is free language, provided and managed by MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). If you need to work offline, you can download a Scratch program. But if you have a reliable internet connection, you can work solely online – no program download needed.

Scratch is a block-coding language. Coders choose blocks of code they customize to create a program. The blocks are designed to fit together like puzzle pieces. This takes away the syntax errors that programmers of text-based languages run into.

It’s designed as a sharing platform, so Scratch coders can learn from and be inspired by other coders. They can also easily share their coded creations with other Scratch users.

Many of the Scratch resources online encourage users to explore Scratch in a freeform manner. This can be rather intimidating for some new coders. Following the projects in one of this month’s books introduces users to Scratch. Once they get comfortable with Scratch, they are more likely to explore new ways of using the platform.

Like Hour of Code, Scratch has project ideas that focus on different areas like art, music, and stories: https://scratch.mit.edu/starter-projects.

Escape Room Challenge

As the current state of things has moved much of our lives online, virtual Escape Rooms have become very popular. There are many escape rooms out there to try. But how about challenging young readers and coders to create their own?

Designing an escape room can put into use computer coding ideas, game design elements, development processes, and cryptography skills. The experience will give young developers a taste of life as a video game designer/coder.

There at least 2 free platforms that could be used to develop an escape room – Google Forms and Scratch. Here are helpful resources for these.
Scratch: http://scratched.gse.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/pdf-escape-the-room-scratch-draggable-using-lock-button.pdf
Google Form: https://www.bespokeclassroom.com/blog/2019/10/4/how-to-build-a-digital-escape-room-using-google-forms

Developers will follow the basic process described on page 29 of Video Game Coding. They can use the secret codes described in Can You Crack the Code? and consider the game elements discussed in Chapter 1 of Coding Games in Scratch.

Pre-Production

Plan out the stages of the escape room, including the puzzles and/or challenges players will face. This is the pre-production or design stage of video game coding. The platform will determine the level of design required.

The first decision is what theme to use. The escape room could be based on a favorite book, character, or fictional world – like Harry Potter, Pete the Cat, or Star Wars. This could also be an opportunity to create new characters, stories, and worlds.

How many levels will there be? What are the challenges players will face? Make sure each challenge makes sense to get the player from one level to the next.

This is a creative process that mirrors fictional story writing. Characters need to be developed and worlds built. The progression through the levels is the plot. Challenges should work with the chosen world, character(s), and plot.

How are players working through the escape room – individually or in teams? Does that change what the challenges look like?

If coding in Scratch, are players represented on the screen? If so, what do they look like and what are they able to do?

Production

Once the overall story and challenges are planned out, it’s time to move on to the production stage. This is where designers create the art, puzzles, and code needed to turn the escape room into reality.

In Coding Games in Scratch, readers learn to code a little then test a little. Build a part of the game, then try it out to make sure it works correctly. This is a great way to develop a game or program. It helps identify where problems are by keeping the testing area small. It also helps ensure programmers don’t incorrectly use a coding element throughout an entire program.

Post-Production

Once the initial escape room is put together, it’s time to move on to the post-production phase.

The escape room needs to be tested. Each path through needs to be checked for errors. This is often one of the most tedious portions of coding and game development. Once the designers have done their testing, it’s time to get a beta tester.

Beta testers are new to the game. Can they understand how to start and how to progress through the challenges? If not, the designers may need to add additional instructions or learning steps.

Beta testers may move through the escape room in a way the designers didn’t anticipate. This can highlight other errors or omissions that need to be corrected.

Each time a designer makes a change, they’ll need to test out everything to make sure they’ve solved the problem without introducing any new ones.

Release

Once designers are confident their escape room is working the way they want, it’s time to release it to a broader audience. Invite classmates, friends, and family to try out them out.

This would be an excellent time to have a celebration. Developing something like this is a lot more work than people realize. Finishing is a huge accomplishment.

Explore More

I hope this has given you some ideas for exploring coding. There are so many more out there. I hope you take the time to explore and code.

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Janet Slingerland in LondonJanet Slingerland has written more than 20 books for children, including several about coding. To find out more about Janet and her books, check out her website – http://janetsbooks.com – or visit her on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram.

Using Picture Books to Teach Middle Grade and Beyond

Teaching with Picture Books

by Robyn Gioia, M.Ed.

When most people think of picture books, they think of cute pictures and feel-good stories that thrill children from ages 0-7. But, teachers know better. There is much more to picture books than meets the eye.

Students have grown up with visuals since the day they were born. From elementary to high school, picture books can spark the imagination and open the eyes as an introduction to a subject. Picture books boil down to the main topic and draw the reader in with interesting tidbits. Our public libraries are full of wonderful picture books ready to do the job. Picture books inspire conversations and provide topics for research. They allow insightful tie-ins to curriculum and present opportunities for projects. Their pictures bring the topic to life. They create understanding unlike anything else. They are quick reads that can fit into almost any schedule.

Take the book, The Turtle Ship by Helena Ku Ree.

One of the greatest historical war heroes in the S. Korean culture was Admiral Yi Sun-Sin. He is known for saving Korea from Japan, a conquering country with a formidable naval fleet. Because of his design, the undefeatable Turtle ship had the ability to defeat the Japanese. His larger than life statue looms high over the skyline in Gwanghwamun Square, Seoul.

In the picture book, a young Sun-Sin comes to life as a boy who is afraid to enter a shipbuilding contest sponsored by the King. The King needs an indestructible ship able to withstand ongoing invasions from the sea. Sun-Sin decides to accept the challenge. The author imagines what experiences might have influenced a young Sun-Sin’s turtle ship design, and from there the story is told.

Teaching Middle Grade with Picture Books

(Artwork from “Fighting Ships of the Far East (2)” by Stephen Turnbull © Osprey Publishing, part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc)

The Turtle Ship picture book goes step by step through the design engineering process. Young Sun-Sin tries and fails at several design attempts before creating the design known today. This was something I was able to use in my 6th-grade science class. As we talked about the boy Sun-Sin and identified how the process was evolving, it created a bridge to understanding the design process. We had also learned that historically, a lot of designs were inspired by nature. The Wright brothers studied birds before designing the first airplane. In our story, Sun-Sin looks to his turtle for solutions.

When I used The Turtle Ship book in our lesson, my students were fascinated by the Turtle ship design from the 1500s. They learned the ship could rotate in one spot and fire cannons from each of its sides. They discovered soldiers were encased inside the ship so the enemy could not attack. They loved that the top was curved and covered in spikes to keep from being boarded by the enemy. They also learned that the hull was designed to ram into other vessels.

The Korean Turtle Ship

The turtle ship became one of the top engineering designs in warship history. You can read about this incredible ship and its design ingenuity on the U.S. Naval Institute News website. USNI News asked its readers, “What is the greatest warship of all time and why?” The answer can be found on the USNI News website https://news.usni.org/2016/04/06/survey-results-what-is-the-greatest-warship-of-all-time

Teachers in grade levels from primary to high school have used this story to inspire students with a wide range of activities and topics.

Engineering Design Process (EDP)

Research on Korean Inventions

Historical Fiction Comparative Study

Creating a Historical Timeline between Asia and American History

Writing Sijo, a Korean Poetic Form

Analyzing Civic Characteristics of Main Characters

Origin Story with Read-Alouds and Comparisons with Multiple Sources

Teaching Korea through Writing

Teaching Modern Asian Culture through History

Creative Writing

Using the Glossary for Vocabulary Understanding

Study of Honor

Compare and Contrast Other Korean Historical Picture Books

STEAM: Create a Vessel that Holds the Most Weight

STEAM: Design a Boat That is the Fastest

Downloadable Teaching resources:

Lee and Lowe Teaching Guide: TURTLE-SHIP.TG

Historical Information on Admiral Yi Sun-Sin: Admiral Yi Sunsin_KSCPP(1)